1.1 Introduction: Highlighting the importance of collaboration

Often the resolution of a missing person case depends on the effective cooperation and communication with a variety of actors including the following: law enforcement, judicial authorities, search and rescue (SAR) teams and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or other community organizations. Each brings to the field their own resources within their respective jurisdictions or expertise. The way in which each of these agencies fits into the case of a missing person and can be coordinated varies across the globe. For example, in some countries law enforcement conducts investigations and issues Missing Person Alerts but, in other countries, non-governmental organizations issue these Alerts. Despite the variations, all parties require coordination and communication to work together effectively. In addition, in an age where people can cross countries quicker than ever, national collaboration is no longer sufficient to address the critical matter of people going missing abroad. The need for Cross-Border and International collaboration is becoming more and more clear.

While law enforcement plays a vital role in the initial investigation, judicial authorities govern the way the case progresses forward.  Law enforcement agencies can lead missing persons investigations by having access to databases, issuing search warrants, and cooperating with other agencies. Their involvement ensures investigations follow legal procedures for a successful outcome. Additionally, they serve as a center for information sharing and resource coordination, enhancing the chances of finding the missing person. The cooperation of judicial authorities is essential throughout the investigation to provide the legal framework necessary for law enforcement efforts. Judicial support enables access to critical information, ensures investigative procedures are lawful and resolves legal issues related to missing persons cases like guardianship or child-custody.